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Minor amendment

Posted by Charlie S in Maryland on January 24, 2011 at 10:55:58:
FFRR resulted from Decca's wartime effort in making recordings needed to train sonar (not radar) operators to recognize underwater sounds made by submarines.

Decca later developed a single groove stereo disc system using lateral and vertical modulations for the two stereo channels. When the Westrex 45/45 system was adopted as the stereo disc standard few Westrex 45/45 cutterheads were available. Decca used their existing lateral/vertical cutterhead to produce 45/45 masters by matrixing the right/left stereo channels into sum and difference signals. My understanding is that the earliest FFSS discs were mastered this way. My experience was that these first FFSS records, albeit stereo, did not have the fidelity of their mono FFRR counterparts. Decca later switched to proper 45/45/ cutters.

I suspect that the Decca MI cartridges still in production (which are matrixed lateral/vertical pickups) were originally developed for FFSS playback.