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In Reply to: RE: triode wired KT88 posted by tube wrangler on June 24, 2017 at 10:56:52
"Of course, some artifacts of music are also found in the Common Mode, so they also get reduced/processed by a PP and/or balanced circuit."
Could you please define precisely what you are meaning when you use the term "common mode"? As normally understood, it refers to a signal that is common to both the inverting and the non-inverting inputs of a differential amplifier. From the context in which you are speaking, it appears you do not mean this. Therefore, a precise definition of what you intend to mean by "common mode" would perhaps be helpful.
Chris
Follow Ups:
Nothing wrong with your understanding as far as diff-amps go.
We're talking about the same thing. Common-Mode signals (common to both positive and negative going parts of a signal), can be found in many
places in a balanced or push/pull circuit.
When you holler at someone, or when a piano plays, there is only
a single-ended signal. Same as when your dog barks at you.
IF we record this with a single-ended microphone, then the signal is
still intact at that point-- it is still Single-Ended.
Now, let's record with a different microphone-- one that has two generator coils (balanced dynamic mike as an example). Then, let us connect a Center Point equidistant from the two windings-- between them.
Now, we can collect positive going at one coil's output, and at the same time, we can get the negative going sample at the other output.
We have a center-balanced circuit now. Anything that is contained in BOTH
outputs AT THE SAME TIME is cancelled by the Center Connection. We have installed processing-- we have installed CMR or Common-Mode-Reduction.
Why is it called CMR (CM Reduction) instead of CMO? (common mode obliteration!). That's because the generator has both resistance and back-EMF (electro-motive force)-- cancellation is not 100%-- Common Mode is reduced, not eliminated.
Another example would be a twin-generator mike where each coil had it's
own twin output leads, and were not Center-Connected.
Each coil could independently drive a S.E.-input amplifier-- the two amps
could be coupled into a single push/pull amp-- and presto! At that point we have once again installed CMR.
There are many points in a P/P amp where CMR can be installed-- an
example is on a tube's cathode. The cathode resistors for a two tube
gain stage could be tied into each other, after the cathode connections,
and then this common point can be returned to ground. CMR has once again been installed. You could do this with a double-winding transformer also.
Another example is G2 operation in a Tetrode, or in a Pentode P/P amp. Ideally, G2 gets its own separate power supply. One could run the B+2 to each G2 and have a little CMR there between the two amp stages-- that occurs in the common power supply.. OR-- one could give EACH G2 its own series resistor, connect the two resistor end points together in a Common hookup, then connect this to B+2. You have just improved CMR in the amp tremendously. It will sound faster, cleaner,
"hotter" and MUCH more "on-time"-- musical transient pace, rhythm, and timing....
Two power chokes can be installed as a CMR device. Even in my S.E. amps,
I am using a double-wound power choke. The two coils are operated counter to each other, but the choke's iron core is common to both windings.
Even though this choke is in series with a single-ended D.C. power
system, Common-Mode-Reduction has been successfully applied to
quieting the power supply. Pioneer, as an example, likes to use
CMR chokes on the A.C. line input to some of their high-end Blu-Ray
players. CMR power conditioning......
There are many more ways to understand the Common-Mode that I
can't think of at the moment, but rest assured, studying this area is
a big deal.
In GENERAL-- the more places and ways you can find to install
CMR in any push/pull amp or in any balanced circuitry of any kind--
the better it will sound. The results of applying CMR are large.
In GENERAL-- any attempt, whether on purpose, or accidentally--
to install any form of CMR to a Single-Ended signal will seriously
degrade it, unless you are just trying to strip the A.C. line hum & noises from the signal. This is a compromise that you have to
think about for quite a while before you get all that you can get
performance wise-- musically. Overdo filtering of any kind here-- and your S.E. amp has just become "ordinary" sounding...
In GENERAL-- one has to decide whether to honor music as #1, or
whether theory is all there is. Of course, one has to look at BOTH.
BUT-- that isn't the question. What combination of all of these ideas, and more, is going to really "kick-butt" and put the musicians in
your listening room-- fully intact, not just impressively for some kinds of music.
"It's A Long, Long Way to Tucumcari".
-Dennis-
Let's just stick to the original statement
"Think of it this way-- a PP circuit is a processor-- it forces reduction of signals and distortions found in the Common Mode--including musical artifacts that are in the common mode (not all parts of music are),"
since I don't think any of the further complications of microphones with two coils, etc., added anything particularly useful.
You appear to be saying that if you just take a perfectly standard unbalanced audio signal, e.g. from a CD player or a record player, then some of the musical content is in "common mode" and some is not. Sticking just with this case, can you give a definition of what you mean when you say the signal is composed of part that is in common mode and part that is not?
It doesn't seem to me that there is any notion of part of a musical signal coming out of a standard unbalanced source (one "live" wire and one ground wire) having any "common mode" part. It is just a signal on a single wire.
Therefore I ask again, for this simple situation, if you can define what you mean by the "common mode" part of that musical signal.
Chris
and your skill at using terms and phrasing to bash All But Yours, is without Peer.
It is, as a technical description( as it is presented ), a complete load of misinformation. Cattle exhaust, male, solid form.
cheers,
Douglas
Friend, I would not hurt thee for the world...but thou art standing where I am about to shoot.
"Now, let's record with a different microphone-- one that has two generator coils"
There is only one coil in a microphone.
Each end of that one coil (one piece of wire) is connected to the primary of a transformer in the mic body.
The secondary of that transformer is connected to the primary of the input transformer of the mic pre through a 2 conductor, shielded cable. Only the shield is grounded.
Neither end of the secondary of the mic transformer or the primary of the preamp input transformer is connected to ground.
The only thing that gets rejected by CMR is the hum and noise picked up in the cabling between the two units, not any of the audio signal.
None of the audio signal produced by the microphone coil moving in a magnetic field is rejected by the CMR of the balanced connection between the secondary of the mic transformer and the primary of the mic pre input transformer.
You do not seem to have an understanding of what CMR is or how it works.
You really need to forget what you think you know about this subject and read a book.
Good grief Dennis!
Tre'
Have Fun and Enjoy the Music
"Still Working the Problem"
What it means is he is a SE amp salesman, and this 'loss of music' is one of the boogie men he chooses to blame PP for having...;)
cheers,
Douglas
Friend, I would not hurt thee for the world...but thou art standing where I am about to shoot.
It sounds like you think he DOES understand this stuff and is just playing games?I'm not convinced he understands much at all so (in my mind) he is sincere but terribly misguided, but I could be wrong.
You may be right, he could just be jiving everyone.
Tre'
Have Fun and Enjoy the Music
"Still Working the Problem"
Edits: 06/27/17
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