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Welcome Licorice Pizza (LP) lovers! Setup guides and Vinyl FAQ.

RE: Cartridge alignment and tonearm design






It is measureable and you don't need a Fozgometer - just a test disc and standard audio software like RX or even Audacity (which is free!). You can use Audiotester if you just want a spectrum analzyer function in real time.

The photo is from one of my many ATN440ML samples (mounted on an AT150MLX body) which have various azimuth errors - some better and some worse than what you see in either direction. The tip has been aligned electrically from the test tones according to my method (you can see the tip is perpendicular to the surface) and the channel separation is >42dB (R-channel) and >34dB (L-channel). Adjusting for equal channel separation results in far lower figures for separation and far higher distortion related to the tip azimuth error.


I standardised on the Jelco HS25 headshell which has azimuth adjustment so that I can compensate for my alternative alignments.

I can measure the effect of a 0.1° shift in azimuth very accurately via the test tones.
This is why setting horizontal tracking needs to be done AFTER an initial estimate of the tip azimuth. Once the headshell is rotated off a parallel relationship to the records plane you combine the effect of bearing offset error and the effect of the rotation of the cartridge on a tilted plane. Alignment is therefore an iterative process since after resetting azimuth, the offset and overhang shift simultaneously. Once the correction for offset and overhang is made, the azimuth shifts again. It doesn't take me long to zero in on the final solution with my linear offset jig.

Anyway, the long and short of it is that the effect of bearing offset error is a nothing-burger as long as the records are nominally flat and the record thickness is accounted for.

The effect of azimuth shift is why I measure all my records for thickness and shim to a reference value. I came to the conclusion years ago that it can't be the effect of SRA that one is hearing when adjusting arm height by fractions of a mm because the angular change that results is miniscule compared with the overall mounting tolerances for even a long line contact tip. It has to be the azimuth shift causing increased distortion associated with the tip contact area change and the shift in coil relationship to the groove walls.
Regards Anthony

"Beauty is Truth, Truth Beauty.." Keats


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