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In Reply to: RE: A couple of comments… posted by Ethan Winer on December 14, 2007 at 12:45:26
Early reflections are defined as those reflections which arrive within the time window within which the precedence effects works.
The upper limit of this time window depends on the signal, for clicks it is 8 ms, for noise up to 22 ms (depending on duration of the noise signal), for speech 50 ms, for music somewhere between 30 and 50 ms (depending on whether it is fast or slow music)
Litovsky, “The precedence effect”, J. of the Acoustical Society of America 1999, vol. 106, p.1633
Damaske, “Subjective investigation of sound fields” (Subjektive Untersuchung von Schallfeldern), Acustica 1967/68, vol. 19, p.190
>Spaciousness and depth etc should already be embedded in the recording at the proper balance by the mix engineers. Then the job is reduced to ensuring that your own listening room doesn't muck that up. Which is ensured by having absorption at the first reflection points on the side walls and ceiling (and floor).<
1. It has been found that normal reflections in typical living rooms do not interfere with perception of the recorded space
Olive et al., “The detection of reflections in typical rooms”, J. of the Audio Engineering Society 1989, p.539
and that for music enjoyment reflective walls have better effect
Kishinaga et al., “On the room acoustic design of listening rooms”, Audio Engineering Society preprint 1524 (1979)
2. When using absorption you change the interaural cross-correlation, which parameter is responsible for perception of spaciousness:
Tohyama et al. (1989), „Interaural cross-correlation coefficients in stereo-reproduced sound fields”, J. of the Acoustical Society of America, vol. 85, no. 2, p.780
The change is frequency dependent and not the same across the spectrum.
Again, scientific literaure does not provide any evidence that removing reflections is beneficial for spatial impression. If your own listening room mucked that up, the best listening room would be the anechoic chamber. Do you get the impression to be in a concert hall when listening under anechoic conditions? You certainly don't which shows that recorded ambient cues are not sufficient to generate that illusion.
Klaus
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