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cMP^2 and USB – a different approach
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| Posted on November 4, 2009 at 04:55:29 | ||
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Posts: 299
Location: Scotland Joined: January 9, 2009 |
Please find below the introduction to some notes I've written on using an Atom-based Fit-PC2 PC in headless mode to run cMP^2. cics has very kindly added the complete text to his web site – see link (which includes links to the useful references at the end of this post). I'd greatly welcome constructive criticism and comment. That said, I’d ask that those who regularly claim special insight into (and feel the need to comment on) my and others' mental processes or to declaim our general competence hold their fire just this once or, if that’s too much, to start a separate thread. This post is aimed at anyone who might be interested in experimenting with the likes of cMP^2 in a slightly different way. It’s comments related to this, if any, that I’d value. Hopefully, cMP^2's sceptics might have wider points to make about the general configuration. They speak in a strange and mysterious tongue but my debt to AA's Linux posse is clear. My enthusiasm for the cMP^2 project has been expressed at (tiresome) length already. Now's the time to thank those who helped off-list. Fact-wise, this replaces previous posts of mine on the topic. Dave +++++ The Guide to the cics Memory Player (cMP²) project describes assembly of a computer transport running bespoke software on a tightly-configured, stand-alone PC with high-end components including data storage, a built-in monitor and so on. This note outlines how the project can be implemented to suit USB-interfaced DACs and provide first-rate sound at significantly lower cost. It is especially suited to low-end devices. The chosen platform is the Fit-PC2, a miniature, Atom-based computer featuring a low-power, ‘embedded-grade’ motherboard in an aluminium case-cum-heatsink. As it is small and features very low RF emission, it is practicable, despite caveats in reference 3 below, to locate it close to DACs and amplifiers. In this scenario, it is run ‘headless’, i.e. it has neither KVM (keyboard, video, mouse) nor, optionally, local data storage and is instead controlled from another computer on a LAN. Typically, this will be the music ‘server’ but any VNC-capable device will cope. Headless mode trades KVM’s electrical noise and OS overhead for that of a LAN. Effectively, it reduces the audio PC’s role to that of a peripheral passing data from a host on a LAN via cPlay to an output device (a bit like the embedded processor in a laserprinter). Audio-over-USB is often derided by audiophiles. There are valid reasons for treating it with caution (as the name implies, USB is not optimised for audio) but there are equally valid reasons for dismissing some of the criticism as poorly informed. If USB hardware is well designed and suitably configured, it can present high-quality audio data although, inevitably (and reasonably), at the expense of flexibility. Given the different way in which USB transfers audio compared to other data, it is baffling that even ‘tweak-happy’ audiophiles dismiss it because it is not at its audio best ‘straight out the box’. For good results, the DAC should be the only visible USB device (strictly, the only output device) on an audio-dedicated PC, a notion key to cMP². Discussion of USB in audio circles often focuses on the benefits of asynchronous protocols. Users report excellent sound quality but, as yet, few products implement the technique and those that do can be expensive. The many USB DACs that do not use it are likely to benefit most from the approach described here. Users and reviewers alike also vigorously debate USB cables. Many are reasonably priced and demonstrably effective but some cost over £1,000 for a one-metre length. Conspicuous consumption is beyond the scope of this note but spending large sums of money on one stage – and one stage only – of the process of preserving the timing of a real-time signal while making little or no effort to ensure its prior integrity seems a poor way to allocate resources. Meaningful measurements are beyond the reach of most hobbyists but competent commentators regularly report that a well-designed, low-power computer configured with care makes for good sound. Certainly, on trial, the difference between a conventional (ITX-format) setup and a headless Fit-PC2 where each was driving the same USB DAC with all else as equal as feasible was dramatic. To put it all in context, a Fit-PC2 without KVM costs less than a suitable micro-ITX computer with KVM but typically performs better with USB devices; a complete system based on the Fit-PC2 (i.e. PC, HDD, mid-priced DAC and even an after-market cable) will cost significantly less than some USB ‘super cables’. What follows are notes on how it can be done. Hopefully, some will find them helpful. (Thanks to cics and other AA members for technical advice and support.) References: 1. The Well Tempered Computer – useful background material. 2. USB and noise; USB Myths and Misconceptions; USB cables and sound – three good explanations by an AA member of USB-audio issues. 3. A personal memoir of engineering heartache and triumph (Analog Devices) – the entertaining story of the PCM2702 USB-audio chip as told by its designer. 4. Switching in USB Consumer Applications (Analog Devices) – useful points on PCB layout and allied topics though not explicitly audio-related. 5. Power Delivery Design Issues for Hi-Speed USB on Motherboards (Intel) – all USB ports are equal but some are more equal than others. 6. The Fit-PC – not the only choice in this scenario but certainly a good one. 7. The State of USB Audio (The Absolute Sound, issue 194) – to finish on a lighter note, some Absolute Tosh. |
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| Please report back on RAMdisk vs. SSD - my money is on..., posted on November 4, 2009 at 11:10:40 | |
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Posts: 2634
Location: NJ Joined: September 20, 2006 |
... SSD. Just a hunch. |
| RE: cMP^2 and USB – a different approach, posted on November 4, 2009 at 09:12:44 | |
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Posts: 506
Joined: March 31, 2008 |
>> Manufacturer claims that ‘Remote Desktop Control is so fast and comfortable that you might even forget that you are working on a remote computer!’<< If you have XP Pro, you can try the Windows remote desktop. TightVNC or Teamviewer might be an alternative too I believe TightVNC can run as a service, no user action on the headless machine required. The Well Tempered Computer |
| RE: cMP^2 and USB – a different approach, posted on November 4, 2009 at 10:31:58 | |
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Posts: 506
Joined: March 31, 2008 |
>>I suspect that much of the sluggishness is down to transmitting display data over the LAN << I often use RDP (Vista) over my 100 Mbits LAN I have no performance problems. It is as crisp as working on the remote machine. If I open the network monitor I hardly see any I/O at all The Well Tempered Computer |
| RE: cMP^2 and USB – a different approach, posted on November 4, 2009 at 08:18:05 | |
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Joined: June 1, 2002 |
Pl see edit |
| advanced section, posted on November 4, 2009 at 06:09:52 | |
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Posts: 262
Location: New Orleans Joined: May 9, 2007 |
It's in the advanced section. Awesome work guys!!!!! Brad |