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In Reply to: RE: what is a 1st or 2nd or 4th order speaker crossover design? posted by cloudwalker on July 25, 2016 at 20:33:15
The order has to do with the steepness of the crossover curves. A 1st order is 6-dB per octave; 2nd order is 12-dB per octave; 3rd order is 18-dB per octave; and 4th order is 24-dB per octave. Higher order crossovers also produce more phase shift. For this reason, my linear-phase Thiel speakers use 1st order crossovers only.
Follow Ups:
sorry I did not research this myself. It does make me wonder why a speaker would use all 3
It is not uncommon to use different order crossovers on different drivers. Using this method, you can combine a drive which rolls off slowly with one that rolls off fairly steeply and get complementary curves. Basically, the best crossover type changes as you combine differently behaved drivers.
Then the question is whether we are discussing electrical orders or acoustic orders. When designing crossovers it's an acoustic function and since there is often roll off in a driver too then the acoustic order can be greater than the electric. Fourth order crossovers are often electrically third and even second order electric isn't uncommon for acoustic fourth.
speaker design, like many other design projects (sailboats come to my mind) are full of compromises - frequency response, efficiency, size, etc. sometimes a complex crossover can allow the marriage of different drivers in a given enclosure - but as others have said - or will say- simplicity over complexity - would tend to eschew that solution...
Happy Listening
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